Is it permissible to speak during the Friday sermon with the intention of asking about the Qibla in order to perform Tahiyyat al-Masjid, or to return a greeting?
Listening to the preacher on Friday is obligatory according to the majority of scholars, based on the Prophet's (PBUH) saying: "If you say to your companion, 'Listen,' on Friday while the Imam is delivering the sermon, you have engaged in idle talk." Exceptions are made for necessity or need, such as prompting the preacher or alerting someone. As for asking about the , there is no need for it because the preacher is usually facing the Qibla. The preponderant opinion is that returning the greeting of salam is not permissible, due to the general Hadiths on the obligation of listening. Regarding saying "Yarhamukallah" to someone who sneezes, the correct view is that it is forbidden, though some scholars permitted responding with a gesture.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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