What is the ruling on a traveler praying the Friday Dhuhr prayer in the mosque, shortened, then following it with the Asr prayer?

The most sound opinion is that the prayer is valid even if the intention of the follower differs from the intention of the Imam. Therefore, the traveler's Friday prayer is valid with the intention of shortening it (qasr). However, it is better for him to pray it with the intention of a regular Friday prayer to avoid scholarly disagreement. As for combining prayers (jam'), it is permissible if its conditions are met, one of which is the prior intention to combine.