What is the opinion of the School of Sheikh al-Islam regarding the ruling on one who recites "walā al-dhāllīn" with the letter "ẓāʾ" instead of "ḍād" in Al-Fatiha out of ignorance?
Source: FtawySummary from Ftawy's records · added here Sep 2, 2026
Whoever recites "waladh-dhaalim" instead of "waladh-dalleen" – his prayer is valid for himself, and prayer behind him is valid according to Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, due to the similarity in the points of articulation between the letters Ẓāʾ (ظ) and Ḍād (ض). Furthermore, the reciter intends "misguidance," which is the opposite of guidance, and the listener understands this. This differs from two letters that are distinct in sound, articulation, and hearing, such as replacing the letter Rāʾ (ر) with Ghayn (غ).
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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