Is it from the Prophetic Sunnah for a husband to leave his wife with her family after one week of marriage?

There is no evidence from the Sunnah (definition) of the Prophet that it is sunnah for a woman to visit her family and stay with them for two nights after the first week of her marriage.

The Hanafi school of thought holds that a wife has the right to visit her parents every Friday, with or without her husband's permission, and to visit her mahrams once a year.

Islamic law does not specify the number of visits; rather, the matter is left to the husband's good treatment of his wife and his permission for her to visit in a way that does not cause hardship to either of them, as Allah Almighty says: "And live with them in kindness."