Is it permissible for a menstruating woman to pass through the Haram without staying in it? And is the expansion considered part of the Haram? And is it permissible to pass through and stay in the expansion, such as the Mas'a?

It is permissible for a menstruating woman to pass through a mosque out of necessity, without staying in it, whether it is the Sacred Mosque (Al-Masjid al-Haram (definition)) or any other mosque. The proof for permissibility is the hadith (definition) of Maymuna, may Allah be pleased with her, and the proof for the impermissibility of staying is the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "Indeed, I do not permit the mosque for a menstruating woman or for a person in a state of ritual impurity (junub)." The expansions (of the mosque) take the ruling of the mosque, so it is not permissible to stay in them, nor to pass through them without necessity.