What is the ruling on speaking and laughing loudly in the mosque between the Adhan and the Iqamah, and has there been a prohibition against that in the Prophetic Sunnah, such as the Prophet's (peace be upon him) prohibition to Ali ibn Abi Talib from raising his voice with the Qur'an in the mosque?

Raising one's voice in a way that disturbs worshippers is prohibited, based on the hadith (definition) narrated by Abu Sa'id, in which the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Indeed, each of you is privately conversing with his Lord, so do not disturb one another, and let not one of you raise his voice above another in recitation." This prohibition, by extension, applies even more so to laughter and idle talk. As for singling out Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, for this prohibition, there is no evidence to support it.