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The question

Is the guardian obligated to pay the zakat on the orphan's money, even if the orphan has reached puberty and refuses to pay it?

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · imported Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

Guardianship over an orphan's wealth ceases upon their reaching maturity, which means they are capable of managing money well. If the orphan reaches maturity, their wealth is handed over to them. However, if they reach maturity but are not رشيد (mature/prudent in financial matters), the opinion of Abu Hanifa is that their wealth is handed over to them at the age of twenty-five, even if they are extravagant. In contrast, the Malikis, Shafi'is, and Hanbalis believe that the guardianship does not cease, and their wealth remains under the control of their guardian until their prudence is proven; this is based on the Almighty's saying: {And test the orphans [in their abilities] until they reach marriageable age. Then if you perceive in them sound judgment, release to them their property.} If they are not prudent, is still to be paid from their wealth, and the intention of the guardian for its disbursement is sufficient.

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Where this answer came from
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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
182247
Imported
Translation status
Source text, unreviewed
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