Is it permissible for a female student to wear the niqab and take money from her father's account without his knowledge, in order to study Islamic knowledge and memorize the Quran, given her father's rejection of her religious commitment and his compulsion of her to display her adornment, and knowing her father's extreme stinginess?

You must wear the lawful hijab (definition), and obedience to your father in abandoning it is not permissible. As for the niqab, it is not obligatory, and you may leave it off if you fear harm from your father. It is not permissible to take money from your father without his knowledge for the purpose of learning the Qur'an, as this knowledge is not part of obligatory maintenance, unless the father does not give his daughter enough for her obligatory maintenance, in which case she may take what suffices her in a reasonable manner. What was previously taken from your father's money without his permission must either be made permissible by him or returned to him.