What are the seven destructive sins (al-Mubiqat) in Islam? And what are their punishments?

The seven destructive sins are:

1. Associating partners with Allah (Shirk (definition)): The greatest and most dangerous of them. Whoever dies upon it will abide eternally in Hellfire. 2. Sorcery/Magic (Sihr): It is a form of shirk and involves harming people by seeking assistance from jinn. A sorcerer must be executed if their sorcery is proven. 3. Killing a soul that Allah has forbidden except by right: A grave crime, and its punishment is Hell, but it is not disbelief (kufr) unless killing is considered permissible. 4. Consuming usury (Riba): Prohibited by Islamic law, it includes riba al-fadl (usury of surplus) and riba al-nasi’ah (usury of delay). It is one of the greatest major sins. 5. Consuming the property of an orphan: A severe warning is issued against whoever consumes an orphan's property unjustly, as it is a great disobedience. 6. Fleeing from the battlefield (Al-Tawalli yawm al-zahf): Retreating from the battlefield when facing enemies, unless it is for tactical military maneuvers. 7. Accusing chaste, innocent, believing women (Qadhf al-muhsanat al-ghafilat al-mu’minat): Falsely accusing honorable women of adultery. Its punishment is eighty lashes. This also applies to accusing chaste men.