Is it permissible to recite Surat Al-Fatihah at any time, or is it restricted to specific times, such as prayer, and what are these times if they are specific?
It is permissible to recite the Qur’an at any time and in any state, except for one who is in a state of major ritual impurity (junub), for whom it is forbidden. This is based on the of Ali: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, used to teach us the Qur’an in every state, as long as he was not in a state of major ritual impurity." The imams have reached a consensus on the prohibition of reciting the Qur’an for one who is in a state of major ritual impurity, because it is the word of Allah and must be respected, and because one who is in a state of major ritual impurity is able to remove that impurity. As for minor ritual impurity, it is permissible to recite with it without touching the (physical copy of the Qur'an).
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