What is the interpretation of the scarcity of rain and infertility, despite abundant seeking of forgiveness (istighfar), while Allah Almighty says: "And said, 'Ask forgiveness of your Lord. Indeed, He is ever Forgiving. He will send [rain from] the sky upon you in [copious] showers and give you increase in wealth and children and make for you gardens and make for you rivers'" (10-12)?

It has been established that seeking forgiveness (istighfar) is a cause for a good life in this world, and for sustenance and rain, as Allah the Almighty says: "That you worship none but Allah. Indeed, I am to you from Him a warner and a bringer of good tidings. And [saying], 'And [seek] forgiveness from your Lord and then turn to Him in repentance, He will let you enjoy a good provision for a specified term.'" Seeking forgiveness and repentance are causes for good enjoyment, ample provision, and well-being, as Allah the Almighty says: "He will send [rain from] the sky upon you in [continuing] showers, and give you increase in wealth and children."

If the desired outcome is delayed, one should not think ill of Allah, but rather of oneself; for the seeking of forgiveness might be only by the tongue, without the heart, or due to the presence of sins that one has overlooked. A Muslim should have a good opinion of Allah and supplicate to Him with certainty and sincerity. If he is not given what he asked for, then either evil is averted from him, or something better is stored for him in the Hereafter.