What is the ruling on cash withdrawals and purchasing from points of sale using an ATM card?

Contemporaries have differed on the ruling concerning cash withdrawals using an ATM card from an ATM not affiliated with the card's issuing bank, presenting two views:

The first view: It is impermissible, due to the suspicion of usury between banks, or between the card-issuing bank and the customer, and because it constitutes aiding usurious banks.

The second view: It is permissible, because the cardholder is withdrawing from their own balance, and the role of the bank owning the ATM is merely one of agency in delivering the amount for a fee. Furthermore, the benefit of paying fees accrues to both parties, and not every transaction with a usurious bank is considered aiding in sin.

The preponderant view is that it is permissible, though if a person refrains from withdrawing from a bank other than their own as a matter of piety, that is good.

As for purchasing from commercial stores using an ATM card (via the network), it is permissible, provided there is sufficient balance to cover the required amount.