What is the opinion of the esteemed Sheikhs regarding turning to Allah with supplications like these, and is there anything in them that suggests polytheism or deviation from creed?

These supplications contain invalid meanings that contradict the Sharia. Allah alone, Exalted be He, is the One who unties knots, relieves distress, and fulfills needs. No favored angel or sent prophet possesses this power, as Allah Almighty says: "Is not He who responds to the distressed one when he calls upon Him, and removes evil, and makes you inheritors of the earth? Is there any god with Allah? Little do you remember!" And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said to his daughter Fatimah: "Do what you wish, for I cannot avail you anything against Allah."