ما هي البواعد والأدلة العقلية التي توضح أن كل قديم بذاته يستحيل عليه العدم؟

Eminent scholars such as Al-Baqillani, Al-Isfara'ini, Ibn Taymiyyah, and Al-Saffarini presented multiple proofs that the Eternal (Al-Qadim) cannot be subject to non-existence. These can be summarized as follows:

If the Eternal were to cease to exist, it would be permissible for it to come into existence again after its non-existence, thereby being created anew. This would mean it is both created by itself and Eternal by itself, which is impossible. If its non-existence were permissible, its essence would be subject to non-existence at one time and existence at another, making it like created things that require a creator, which is impossible. The departure of the Eternal essence from its necessary attribute is impossible, for if it were permissible for it to depart, it would become contingent in its existence. That which is necessarily existent cannot become contingently existent. Falsity is the knowledge of what is created, and the Eternal does not become false because it was not created. The Eternal is necessarily existent in every state, and that which is necessarily existent in every state cannot cease to exist. The Eternal has always existed, and its existence is through necessity, not contingency. If it were contingent, there would be no difference between its existence and non-existence except through an agent, and the Eternal is not brought into existence by an agent. If non-existence could afflict the Eternal, then the ratio of existence to non-existence would be equal for its essence. This would necessitate its existence being dependent on a creator, making it created, which is impossible.