Is a wife considered disobedient to her parents if she quits a job she dislikes and which conflicts with her religious values and her desire to care for her pregnancy, despite their insistence that she continue working?

In this situation, your leaving the teaching profession is not considered an act of disobedience (ʿuqūq); because the forbidden disobedience is every action that causes significant harm to the parent, and is not among the obligatory actions. Obedience to parents is obligatory under three conditions: that it is not in disobedience [to God], that they have a legitimate purpose, and that it does not cause harm to the child. These conditions are absent here. Instilling values contrary to Islam is a disobedience [to God], and your leaving the job does not deprive your parents of a legitimate purpose, and there is harm to you from working while pregnant. Your father broke his promise not to interfere with your work after marriage, but you must strive to please them.