What is the ruling on declaring as disbelievers sects that the scholars have deemed disbelieving, such as the Qadianis and the Baha’is? Does this declaration of disbelief include both their common followers and their scholars, or is there a detailed explanation regarding this?

There is no doubt regarding the disbelief of the renegade Batinite sects. The Islamic Fiqh Academy has unanimously declared the Baha’i and Babiyya religions to be outside the pale of Islam and their followers to be disbelievers. The general principle is that the common followers of these disbelieving sects share the ruling of their leaders whom they support, except for the ignorant among the Muslim populace who is unaware of the true nature of their false doctrine, who pronounces the two testimonies of faith, and affirms Islam; such a person may be Muslim inwardly.