Is it permissible for my son, who lives in Canada, to break his fast in Ramadan due to exams that coincide with the most difficult times of fasting for him? Or is it permissible for him to travel a distance of more than 80 kilometers on the morning of the exam to take on the ruling of a traveler?

Exams are not among the excuses that permit breaking the fast in Ramadan, and it is not permissible for a student to break their fast because of them. Rather, they should study at night if it becomes difficult for them during the day. Similarly, a light headache is not a permissible excuse to break the fast. It is also not permissible to embark on a journey with the intention of breaking the fast, because it is a trick to evade an obligation. A journey undertaken with the intention of breaking the fast is unlawful, and so is breaking the fast in such a case. Whoever does so must repent and return to fasting.