Is a person residing in another country for work, who intends to return to his homeland after the expiration of his employment contract, considered a permanent resident in the country where he works, or do the rulings of his original country remain applicable concerning the combining and shortening of prayers when he visits his homeland?

You are not permitted to avail yourself of the travel concessions in Saudi Arabia or Jordan, because travel status is terminated by the intention to reside for four days or more. You are not considered a permanent resident in Saudi Arabia merely for work, because permanent residency is the intention of perpetual stay, and this does not apply to someone who intends to return to their home country upon the completion of their employment contract.