Is it obligatory to always listen to beneficial religious programs, even if that conflicts with the arrangement of daily needs, and is a son sinful if he refuses to do so when asked by his father?

Congratulations on having a father who encourages you to seek knowledge, which is a great blessing, unlike many who command their children to commit sins. Your question is rare. The basic principle is the obligation to obey parents, unless it involves disobedience (to Allah), or they have no valid reason, or it causes harm to the child. If your listening to these programs causes you to neglect an obligation or harms you, then you are not obligated to obey him. And know that the time you spend with your father listening to knowledge contains much good, as it combines seeking knowledge and honoring one's parents. A father should not bore his son and should leave him time for recreation. You can ask people of wisdom and righteousness to speak with him about this matter.