What is the method for dividing a cow between two partners who agreed that one of them would cover its feeding expenses in exchange for half of the offspring, after one of them desires to dissolve the partnership?
Scholars have differed on the ruling concerning the partnership in livestock where the offspring and milk are shared between two parties. The majority of scholars are of the opinion that it is impermissible, while Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah and his student Ibn al-Qayyim permitted it. They based their view on the argument that it falls under the category of partnership where the worker is a partner to the owner, and such partnerships are considered by Ibn Taymiyyah to be more lawful than leasing. Sheikh Hassanein Mohammad Makhlouf holds the view that this transaction is permissible as long as it has become customary among people and meets a need, there is no text that prohibits it, and it does not lead to dispute or injustice. Based on the permissibility of the transaction, if the cow is owned by one of the partners, they would only share the offspring. If they both shared in its purchase price, they would share both the cow itself and its offspring, which can be done by selling it and dividing its price.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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