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The question

What are the meanings of "fitnah" in the following verses: (And fight them until there is no [more] fitnah), (Indeed, those who have persecuted the believing men and believing women), and (Do people think that they will be left to say, "We believe" and they will not be tried [fitnah])?

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · imported Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

In language, fitna means trial and test. It is used to refer to disbelief, sin, burning, or removal from something.

In His saying, the Almighty: "And fight them until there is no fitna," it means polytheism and disbelief.

In His saying, the Almighty: "Indeed, those who have fitna-ed the believing men and believing women," it means burning and torture by fire.

In His saying, the Almighty: "Do people think that they will be left alone if they say, 'We believe,' and they will not be fitna-ed?" it means testing and trial.

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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
66008
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