How does Islam explain the marriage of Adam and Eve's children, despite the prohibition of incest, and the resulting immense human and genetic diversity, even though consanguineous marriage causes genetic problems?
The creation of man began with clay, referring to Adam, from whom Allah then created his wife. From both of them, humanity was created. Thereafter, Adam's lineage continued through procreation by means of semen. As for how Adam's children married, narrations indicate that Adam used to marry a male from one birth to a female from another birth. This well-known statement does not contradict sound reason or religious texts; rather, it is permissible to speak of it without denying it. There is no contradiction between the prohibition of marrying a sister in Islam and what has been narrated about Adam, because laws differ according to time and benefit. Marrying a sister in Adam's law was a necessity for the preservation of progeny, whereas in Islam's law, it is not a necessity and leads to corruption. Scientific research on genetic diseases does not invalidate what has been narrated about the procreation of Adam's children, as it speaks of probabilities and concerns humanity in its later generations, while Adam was created in the best of forms. The increase in humanity from Adam and his wife is not surprising, due to the unknown age of humanity and the rate of procreation in each era.
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