What is the difference between the strength of a Hadith's chain of narration (isnad) and the strength of its corroborating evidences (shawahid), and how does that affect acting upon the Hadith?
has two meanings: attributing the to its speaker musnadan, or the chain of narrators leading to the text, which is synonymous with sanad. As for shawāhid, they are a type of mutābaʿāt, where a narrator agrees with another in narrating a hadith. For example, if a Companion narrates a hadith and another Companion agrees with him in its text, either in wording or meaning. Their benefits are to remove oddity (gharābah) and strengthen the hadith. Their saying: "The hadith, its isnad is strong" means that its sanad is strong in terms of its continuity (ittisāl), and the uprightness (ʿadālah) and precision (dabt) of its narrators. However, this does not necessarily mean the hadith is authentic (), as it might be anomalous (shādh) or defective (maʿlūl). And "The hadith, its shawāhid are strong" means that it has strong paths and asanid from other than the original Companion's path. Acting upon a hadith depends on the fulfillment of the conditions of a sahih or hadith.
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Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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