Does my mother's disapproval of my giving up my job and my marriage to a young man I love constitute disobedience that necessitates God's wrath, especially given that Paradise lies at the feet of mothers?

If your guardian agrees to the marriage, and travels with you, and your travel does not entail any forbidden acts, and your leaving work does not harm your mother because she is rich and does not need your work, then there is no impediment to marriage and leaving work.

However, if any of these conditions are not met, such as the guardian's disapproval, or the presence of a forbidden act in the travel, or your mother being harmed by your leaving the work she relies on for her sustenance, then it is forbidden for you to leave work, and it is forbidden to marry if it leads to that.