What is the ruling on a traveler's prayer in an airplane if it is impossible to combine the two prayers, face the Qibla, determine the time, and achieve complete purity or perform tayammum?
If a person is in a place where there is no water or earth (for ablution/tayammum), and cannot face the Qibla, they must perform the prayer in the best way they can, even if that means losing a condition or a pillar of the prayer. They are not permitted to delay the prayer beyond its prescribed time, due to Allah’s saying: "So fear Allah as much as you are able" (Quran 64:16). If they do not know the prayer times, they should be cautious and pray five prayers every twenty-four hours, estimating the time for each prayer. Combining two prayers is permissible but not obligatory.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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