How does one pray on an airplane, and is it permissible to combine and shorten prayers?

It is permissible to pray on an airplane, provided its conditions and pillars are met, with the allowance for combining and shortening prayers. Combining prayers is legislated for those with shared times (Dhuhr and Asr, and Maghrib and Isha), while shortening applies specifically to the four-rak'ah prayers. The prayer must be performed within its prescribed time, ensuring one faces the Qiblah and prays standing, if possible, in cooperation with the flight crew. If standing is not possible, one should pray sitting, signaling for bowing and prostration, with the prostration being lower. It is not permissible to delay prayers beyond their prescribed times.