What is the ruling on someone who performed Umrah, being unaware of the necessity of ghusl after a certain act, and adopted the Hanafī opinion that circumambulation (tawaf) is valid for one in a state of janabah (major ritual impurity) if a camel is sacrificed, but he is unable to sacrifice? And is he required to offer expiation for each Umrah or a single expiation? And is it permissible to adopt the opinion that purity for tawaf is sunnah (recommended)?

The views of scholars regarding ritual purity for circumambulation (Tawaf) can be summarized into three schools of thought:

1. The majority (Jumhur): Purity is a condition for the validity of Tawaf. 2. The Hanafis and a narration from Ahmad: Purity is an obligation (wajib), the omission of which is compensated for by an offering of blood (dam). 3. Some Hanafis: Purity is a Sunnah, and there is nothing (no penalty) for its omission.

According to the view that it is an obligation: If someone performs Tawaf while not in a state of ritual purity, a dam (offering of blood) is required for each ritual (nusk). If unable to do so, then ten days of fasting are required. The Hanafis hold that if one performs Tawaf while in a state of major ritual impurity (janaba) or menstruation (hayd), a camel (badanah) must be sacrificed. If one performs Tawaf while in a state of minor ritual impurity (hadath asghar), a sheep (shah) is required.

If you do not know the number of rituals you performed while not pure, you must investigate and offer expiation (fida') in a way that achieves certainty or strong probability regarding the clearing of your liability. According to the view that purity is a Sunnah, then nothing is required of you.

What is obligatory for a layperson, when there is a difference of opinions, is to follow the scholar they trust, without choosing what aligns with their personal desires.