Is it permissible to return to one's husband after having been divorced by him three times under duress, knowing that both spouses wish to return to each other?

Marriage of a woman without a wali (guardian) is invalid according to the majority of scholars, but if the marriage contract was concluded in a Sharia court, it is not invalidated.

If your husband divorced you three times, his divorce is effective, unless he was genuinely coerced. And if he was coerced into one divorce but issued three, his divorce is effective.

We advise you to present the matter to a Sharia court or to trusted scholars.

Documenting the marriage contract is essential in this era.

There is nothing in Islamic law called istikhara (seeking guidance from Allah) by Surat Al-An'am. Istikhara was legislated for the servant to entrust their Lord when contemplating a permissible matter.