What should I do about excessive swearing and my inability to distinguish between a thoughtless oath (yamin al-laghw) and a binding oath (yamin al-mun‘aqidah), especially with many expiations (kaffarat) becoming due that I cannot afford to pay, and fasting being difficult?

A Muslim should not swear excessively. There is no expiation for a vain oath (a slip of the tongue or swearing based on an assumption that turns out to be false) nor for a false oath (swearing falsely), but the latter requires repentance. Expiation is obligatory if a Muslim breaks a deliberate oath concerning doing or refraining from something in the future, or compelling someone to do or refrain from something, and then fails to adhere to it. The expiation for an oath is: feeding ten needy people, clothing them, or freeing a slave. If unable to do any of these, then fasting for three days. If you are unable to determine the number of expiations, make an effort to estimate and act upon the minimum.