What is the Islamic ruling on someone who does not pray and jokingly says "Leave off prayer" to his brother who is heading to the mosque, and says to a bearded man "Woe to you and your Islam," meaning his Islam that is far from true Islam, and mocks the niqab-wearing woman by saying "She is wearing a tent," and reproaches whoever says that singing is unlawful? And does he become an apostate by these actions?
A specific Muslim individual cannot be declared an unbeliever except after all conditions are met and all impediments are removed, and this falls under the purview of the judiciary.
The disbelief of one who abandons prayer is a matter of scholarly disagreement.
If someone says to another, "Leave off prayer and do not go to the mosque," intending an absolute prohibition of prayer, then this is an utterance of disbelief.
Some scholars have unconditionally declared as disbelievers those who insult a Muslim's religion, while others have elaborated that the reviler does not commit disbelief if, by insulting the Muslim's religion, he intends to criticize their bad manners, not the essence of the religion itself.
Whoever mocks a woman wearing the legal , describing her as a "devil" or a "moving tent" and similar terms, is a disbeliever; because this is mockery of the religion.
Denying the prohibition of singing is not disbelief.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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