How can one deal with a debtor who is late in paying monthly installments, and is it permissible to take compensation for damages resulting from the delay if the debtor is not in hardship, in order to ensure that this matter is not exploited to delay payments?

The ruling mentioned in the previous fatwa applies to one whose insolvency has been proven. However, determining insolvency or lack thereof is the prerogative of the judiciary. Al-Bahuti stated in "Kashshaf al-Qina'" that if the debtor claims insolvency and the creditor requests an investigation of his financial status, the judge must grant this request.