How is the zakat calculated for a heavy equipment rental company and for a heavy equipment spare parts shop, and do breaking the fast for fasting people (ifṭār aṣ-ṣā’im) and distributing money to the poor before Ramadan count as zakat?
Heavy equipment designated for rental is not subject to on its value. Rather, zakat is due on the income derived from its rental, if that income reaches the (minimum threshold) and a full year (hawl) passes on it, then 2.5% is to be given out.
A spare parts shop is subject to zakat as trade goods. The parts are valued in the market when a full year passes on the original capital used to purchase them. If their value reaches the nisab, then 2.5% is to be given out.
Feeding a fasting person does not count as zakat. Rather, zakat must be given out with the intention of zakat and ownership transferred to its designated recipients.
What is given to the poor before counts as zakat if it is given out with the intention of zakat.
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