Is it permissible to fast three days and donate to a family instead of feeding ten needy persons for multiple oaths of expiation, given the insufficiency of the salary?
Expiation by fasting is not valid unless one is unable to feed, clothe, or free a slave. If a person is unable to offer expiation at the time it becomes due and at the time of its performance, then fasting is sufficient for him without dispute. However, if the inability is only at the time of performance, there is a difference of opinion regarding the validity of expiation by fasting. Giving ten kilograms of rice to a poor family is sufficient as an expiation for an oath if the family consists of ten or more people; otherwise, the expiation is not sufficient unless the number of needy individuals is completed. The amount given may not even be sufficient according to the Hanafī school, as they consider the required amount of food to be the criterion. A Muslim should not swear excessively.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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