What is the ruling on a father singling out some of his children for a gift to the exclusion of the others?

Scholars have differed concerning the ruling on favoring some children over others in giving gifts. The preponderant opinion is the obligation to treat them equally, including daughters, unless there is a legitimate reason for favoritism. This is based on the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: "Fear Allah and be just among your children." Favoring some children without a legitimate reason is considered injustice and oppression, which can lead to enmity and hatred among them. However, if there is a legitimate reason for favoritism, such as a child being in debt, or a student of knowledge, or poor with many dependents, then it is permissible to favor him with some money over his siblings.