What is the form of the oath in the Qasamah, is it taken against a group or a specific individual, and how is retribution carried out if it is against a group, taking into consideration the Hadith: "Fifty of you will swear an oath against a man from among them, and he will be handed over completely"?

Qasamah refers to repeated oaths in a murder claim. Its description is that a group of people claim that so-and-so killed their deceased relative, and they swear to that effect. Its origin is the Hadith of Sahl ibn Abi Hathmah concerning the slain man of Khaybar. One of its conditions is the existence of "al-lawth," which is an indication that suggests the truthfulness of the victim's family. Scholars differed on whether it is a condition to specify the accused in qasamah, and on the possibility of filing a claim against more than one person. They also differed on whether it entails qisas (retaliation in kind) or diyah (blood money). The view that it entails qisas is closer to the explicit narrations and is the opinion of most scholars. The ruling in qasamah rests with the Sharia judiciary and not with individuals.