Is a female medical student sinful and liable for expiation if she causes the death of a patient by administering a medication incorrectly due to not inquiring about the method of use, despite her prior knowledge of the necessity to inquire?
If a doctor treats a case outside his specialization, he is sinful and guarantees any harm resulting from his treatment, because the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Whoever practices medicine without having been known to practice it before, is liable." Accordingly, the student who gave the patient an injection that led to his death is considered sinful and must offer expiation. The blood money (diyah) is to be paid by her 'aqilah (male relatives on the father's side), because this killing is considered semi-intentional.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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