What are Ṭatīr (ornithomancy) and Ṭarq (geomancy)? Is an amulet considered magic? And what is the ruling on one who swears by other than Allah while knowing that it is forbidden?

Superstition (Tatayyur) is forbidden by Islamic law. As for amulets (Tamimah), if they consist of magical writings or symbols, then they are sorcery. If they are made of beads, metal, or Quranic verses, they are forbidden. Swearing by other than Allah is not permissible, and whoever does so must repent and say "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah). Striking with pebbles (Tariq) is a form of divination (Jibt), which is forbidden.