Is a Muslim considered an apostate if he hears insults against Allah, the Prophet, or the religion, and merely wishes in his heart for the death of the one who does so, especially if he is unable to respond or emigrate?

Cursing God, or religion, or the Prophet—peace be upon him—is an act of disbelief (kufr). However, the listener does not commit an act of disbelief unless they approve of what the speaker says and endorse it. Denouncing this evil, and others, is obligatory according to one's ability and capacity. Abandoning the prohibition of an act of disbelief, whether by hand or tongue, while having the ability to do so, is a sin. However, it does not constitute disbelief as long as the heart disapproves of it.