What should a son do about his father who curses the Divine Essence when angry, prefers work over prayer, and rejects his son's advice?

Your father is in grave danger because of his cursing of Allah the Almighty, which is among the verbal apostasies that expel one from the faith. Ibn Qudamah said: "Whoever curses Allah the Almighty disbelieves, whether he is joking or serious."

supplicate for his guidance frequently. Seek advice from someone whose words you hope your father will listen to.

There is no blame upon you if you cease advising him, should it prove unbeneficial and only increase his evil, for reminding is only required if it benefits.

Anger for the violation of Allah's sanctities is required, but beware of mistreating your father, for harming one's parents in any way is considered an act of disobedience.