Must one go to the distant mosque where the sermon is delivered in Arabic for Friday prayer, or is it permissible to pray in the nearby Turkish mosque given the excuse of work?

There is no objection to performing Jumu'ah prayer in nearby mosques, even if the sermon is not in Arabic. There is no need to go to a distant mosque where the sermon is delivered in Arabic, because the Jumu'ah prayer is valid with a non-Arabic sermon, and whoever attends it fulfills their obligation. The Permanent Committee mentioned that the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to deliver sermons in Arabic because it was his language and the language of his people. However, he sent letters to kings and nations in different languages, and this indicates the permissibility of delivering sermons in the language of the people of the country so that they may understand and benefit from the sermon.