What is the ruling on calumny or tale-bearing if it leads to murder, and is the calumniator liable for financial compensation, taking into consideration that Imam Ahmad and Al-Shafi'i did not demand compensation despite being harmed by calumny?

A person's claim against another does not obligate the latter to anything, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Were people to be given according to their claims, men would claim the blood and wealth of others. But the burden of proof is on the claimant, and the oath is on the one who denies." Slander, whether it be tale-bearing (namima) or false witness, is forbidden and among the gravest sins. Tale-bearing is forbidden by the Qur'an, Sunnah, and scholarly consensus, and false witness is likewise forbidden.

Blood money (Diyya) is incumbent upon the direct perpetrator of killing, not the slanderer or the one who caused it, unless the slander was a false witness that led to the killing. In that case, the slanderer is liable for blood money or retribution (qisas). The final say in these matters belongs to the Sharia courts, and the relinquishing of rights by some imams does not obligate others to do the same.