What is the ruling on one who says, "By Allah, I am an unbeliever," intending disbelief, then repents and wishes to do that very thing, and does he become an unbeliever by his action?

If a person harbored disbelief while speaking, then he disbelieved at that moment, because the intention to disbelieve is disbelief. However, if he said it with the intention of preventing himself from doing a specific act, he does not disbelieve even if he does it, but he commits a grave sin that necessitates repentance. There is a disagreement among scholars regarding the necessity of expiation (kaffarah (definition)) in this case. If a person repents from this statement, there is no blame upon him for doing what he swore by disbelief not to do. Expiation becomes obligatory upon him according to some scholars, but not according to the majority.