Is a car considered a legitimate private space in our current times?
Some scholars have issued a fatwa that it is impermissible for a woman to ride alone in a car with a non-mahram driver, because it constitutes khalwa (private seclusion). However, it is permissible for her to ride with another woman if there is no suspicion, provided it is not a journey, in which case it is impermissible without a mahram. This is to prevent the corruption that results from khalwa, such as dating, seduction, looking, and touching.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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