Is it permissible to look at that which is unlawful to look at in reality if the vision is through glass, clear water, or a mirror, and does this apply to what is uncovered of a foreign woman's body, even if it incites lust?

The first statement implies the prohibition of looking directly at something forbidden through a non-concealing barrier like glass, water, or thin clothes, and that looking at a picture is not forbidden because it is not the actual forbidden object. As for Al-Bujairimi's statement, it means the prohibition of looking at the عورت (awrah - intimate parts) even if it is severed from a woman's body, and that what matters is the woman's state at the time the severed part detached from her. Some Shafi'i scholars, including Ibn Hajar Al-Haytami, rejected the authors' statement: "even with desire." Ibn Hajar Al-Haytami said in "Tuhfat Al-Muhtaj": "Its example is excluded, so looking at it in a mirror, for instance, is not forbidden, as more than one has ruled... And that is applicable, as is evident, where there is no fear of temptation or desire." From the previous statement, it is understood that it is permissible to look at what is forbidden to look at directly, even if it arouses desire, but we have already explained Al-Haytami's rebuttal to this.