To what extent is this transaction permissible, which is based on paying a monthly sum to obtain a larger sum after a specified period, or for the heirs to receive certain sums in cases of death or total permanent disability? And does the ruling differ if the bank is usurious or the insurance company deals with usury?

The aforementioned insurance is Islamically forbidden (haram) due to its inclusion of excessive gharar (uncertainty), qimar (gambling), and riba (usury). Consequently, there is no need to ascertain whether the bank or insurance company deals in usury, as the commercial insurance contract itself inherently involves contracts of riba, gharar, and maysir (gambling).