When is the Asr prayer due based on the sun's position, and is there any prophetic hadith that specifies prayer times according to the sun's time and position?

The beginning of the 'Asr prayer time is when the shadow of an object becomes equal to its height after the shadow of the zenith (zawaal), and it extends until the sun yellows. What is after the yellowing of the sun is a time of necessity until sunset, due to the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "Whoever catches one rak'ah of 'Asr before the sun sets, has caught [the prayer]." Jibreel clarified the prayer times to the Prophet (peace be upon him), and he prayed 'Asr when the shadow was equal to the object's height on the first day, and when it was twice its height on the second day, then he said: "The prayer time is between your prayer yesterday and your prayer today."