How is the Asr prayer time calculated in hours and minutes, and does the Asr Adhan in the Haram in Mecca coincide with the beginning of Asr time according to those who say that Asr time begins when the shadow of everything becomes equal to its length, or is it later than that?

The time for the Asr prayer is determined by the Sharia signs, not by hours, as the beginning of the prayer time varies from one country to another. If there is any confusion, one should refer to the people of knowledge in the country, and the Adhan of the Haram (Mecca) coincides with the beginning of Asr time according to the majority of scholars.