Is it permissible to pray in a place far from the courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Makkah, or on the second floor, if that increases one's devotion, knowing that the front rows decrease devotion?

That which relates to the essence of worship takes precedence over that which relates to its time or place. Humility (khushu') is related to the essence of worship, and its attainment takes precedence over standing in the front row. Therefore, there is no harm in praying on the second floor or similar places if that leads to greater humility of the heart; in fact, it is more befitting.