Is it obligatory to go to the mosque to perform the fard (obligatory) prayers, knowing that the nearest mosque is 30 minutes away by car, or is it permissible to pray at home or at work? And is it obligatory to listen to the Friday sermon if it is in a language one does not understand, or is it permissible to recite the Qur'an during it?

A long distance from the mosque is an excuse that permits abstaining from congregational prayer, and prayer must be performed in congregation at work or at home. As for attending the sermon and occupying oneself with reading the Quran due to not understanding the preacher's language, it is better to avoid this, and it is not permissible, because Allah Almighty says: "And when the Quran is recited, then listen to it and pay attention." Scholars have differed regarding the ruling on speaking during the sermon for someone who does not hear or understand it; some have forbidden it, and some have permitted it, but listening attentively is not only for hearing, but also for not disturbing others.