Was Ibn Khaldun, the historian and founder of sociology, among the Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'ah, or was he one of the Batinites or philosophers?
Ibn Khaldun was a Muslim thinker born in Tunis in the year 732 AH and passed away in Egypt in 808 AH. He received a comprehensive education in his era, mastering the Arabic language, and studying the Quran, rational sciences, and jurisprudence. He authored his famous book: "Kitab al-ʿIbar wa Diwan al-Mubtadaʾ wa al-Khabar" (The Book of Lessons and the Register of Beginnings and Events). He spent the final phase of his life in Cairo, working in the judiciary and delivering lessons at Al-Azhar. Ibn Khaldun was a man of religion, thought, and Sunni methodology and belief, and he cautioned against delving into what occurred among the Companions—may Allah be pleased with them—emphasizing that their disagreements were a mercy for the Ummah. He was not merely a philosopher or a sociologist, but rather one of the scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah.
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